lo5t have written previously how to increase page rank, by the way often comment on blogs other friends.
Of course when we make the article would hope that our article will enter the top ten Google with certain keywords. Well, what is meant by this comment seo optimization is, how do we optimize our articles in order to enter our target. But the way we used to optimize is a lot to comment on other blogs, especially blogs dofollow. But that does not mean blogs can not optimize nofollow.
It's easy optimization seo with this comment. When we visited the blog neighbors, do not just search for shoutmix. but also to provide comments on one of their posts. Be great if we comment on blogs dofollow blogs. When we give a comment, select the profile as "name / url". content "name" with your name and "url" the url posting one would you want to optimize. let name = lo5t / url = http://e-learning-lo5t.blogspot.com/2010/01/what-is-pagerank-and-how-to-improve.html
so from now on do not just search for shoutmix, but also the content of comments. In addition to optimize seo can also strengthen friendship. Or maybe also get award for top commentators.
PageRank (PR) is often used as a benchmark of success of a site on the internet. Many people are so happy if his site has a high PageRank (so am I). What if the PageRank of their site down? People will be so disappointed (so was I), but there are some people who do not care at all with the PageRank of their sites.
PageRank is doing? PageRank term was first coined by one of the founders of Google, Larry Page. At first, the term PageRank is used by Larry Page to mention permeringkatan system links a site. At that time, he found the fact that not all links in web pages are created equal. There is a link that is more important than other links. Larry Page provides more value to links from important sites such as MSN or Yahoo.
He argues that the site links contained in the important sites are considered more important than at sites with no link to the website is important. Picture like this, if the important sites like MSN or Yahoo include links a site on the internet, then the site automatically unpopular it becomes important.
The idea of Larry Page were eventually developed into a mathematical equation called PageRank and became the standard algorithm used by Google. Google's PageRank mneggunakan to assess whether a site on the internet is important or not. If the site is a lot of links by other sites, the site will have a high value and the site will automatically popular.
PageRank values are dianatara 0 to 10. If your site is Pagerank 0, it indicates your site has not quite popular in the eyes of Google. There are many ways that we can do to make our site PageRank value to rise, one of which is to exchange links (link exchange) like this.
How do we know how our site PageRank value? Many sites on the Internet that provides tools to learn the value of a site's PageRank, for example, is like iWEBTOOL.
Computers are no longer be separated from our lives everyday. Office work, school work, until the latest games, all capable devoured this sophisticated device. However, sometimes there are just problems that happened with our computer. Problems that occur on your computer can not be avoided by anyone. Though computer experts has experienced problems with the computer.
Maintenance done regularly can menghidarkan of damage to our computer hardware components, system crash, or loss of important data. Computer treatment regularly will also prolong the life of our computers. Therefore, there is nothing wrong if we take care of our computers properly. If there is to love your computer, then we'll take care of computer tips below!
Tips on Caring for your Computer Properly:
Clean computer components from dust regularly.
Open your computer case! But before, make sure there is no liquid and the magnet nearby. Look, if the device was filled with dust in it? If yes, immediately wash the dust using a soft brush small / medium. Make sure that the RAM, video cards, modems, sound cards, TV tuner, fan, and motherboard your computer is clean of dust.
Avoid laying machine from a room full of dust and exposed to direct sunlight, because it can happen overheat. Put your computer in a cool place or in air-conditioned room. Then do not forget to close the monitor, keyboard, and mouse to your computer with the cover to avoid dust..
Empty the Recycle Bin on a regular basis.
If you delete a file, the file will be deleted into the Recycle Bin first, to a time when we need this file, we can still pick it up again. However, the files in the Recycle Bin still take space from your hard disk. In addition, too many files in the Recycle Bin will make our computers become slower. Well, we emptied the Recycle Bin to free up unused space. To do this, click the "Recycle Bin -> File -> Empty Recycle Bin". We also can delete files without inserting the file to the Recycle Bin, the way he is by pressing the "Shift + Delete".
In addition to using the Recycle Bin, you can also use the Windows built facility called Disk Cleanup. How, go to "Start -> All Programs -> Acessories -> System Tools -> Disk Cleanup". After that, select the drive you want to clean! So we can see the total memory that can be cleaned. Check settings on the options to be deleted, then click "OK".
Close unused programs.
The more programs running, then the computer's performance will be slower. In the end, this will shorten the life of our own computers. We also can check your computer's performance by running heavy programs, then run the Task Manager and click the Performance tab, and then look at the performance of CPU Usage and PF Usage. The more heavy programs running, then the value of CPU Usage and PF Usage will further increase.
Install antivirus
Viruses are annoying, sometimes even viruses make us have to reinstall the computer. This course will take a lot of time and can even shorten the life of our hard disk. Fortunately, the virus can be overcome obstinacy with antivirus programs. Therefore, install the antivirus program is on your computer and update it with a regular program to prevent the spread of new viruses.
Use a stabilizer or UPS.
UPS serves to give us a little time when the electricity suddenly dead. so that we can immediately close the running programs, save documents and shut down your computer. If no UPS, use the stabilizer to stabilize the ups and downs of electricity. Electricity is not stable can shorten our computer age.
Run screensaver.
CRT monitors use a phosphor to display images. If the CRT monitor displays the same image for a moment, then phosphorus will light continuously. This can cause problems on the monitor, which makes the picture becomes dim / less clear. Therefore, turn on the screensaver. Others as if our computer monitors are LCD type monitor, because the LED was already equipped with energy saving, the screensaver is not really needed anymore.
Do defragment.
Defragment function is to compile the files back so that when doing the read / write, disk workload will be lighter. When running this function, there must be no programs running, because it would disrupt the defragment process, even if it was just a screensaver. Defragment also should not be done too often, because when setting the file, the file can erode the hard disk.
Basically, a computer virus is a computer program that has the ability to reproduce itself by inserting a program into another file. Much like a biological virus, computer viruses can spread quickly on the files in a computer, or even infect other files on your computer, either through a network or through the activities of file exchange. In the past we know the target distribution based on spreading the virus, which boot sector viruses and file viruses. Boot sector virus is designed by the manufacturer to infect the boot sector, which is part of a storage media (floppy disks, hard disks) who first read by the operating system while the media is accessed. Once the storage media are infected by the virus of this type is used for booting, the virus had settled in memory and ready to infect other storage media used in the same computer. Later, the boot sector virus developing into a more virulent type, which is known as viral partition (partition table). Is part of the partition table on the hard disk that stores data CHS (cylinder / head / sector) which serve as guidelines for the operating system to perform the reading process. Once this section leburkan destroyed by the virus, then the disk would no longer be read and all the data in it was floating. Meanwhile, the virus files works by inserting the program in a file. Previously, when using the DOS operating system is still widespread, this type of target viruses are executable files, ie, whose name ends with the extension. COM or. EXE. In addition to transmission, the virus files often add certain commands to the source code of ditularinya. These viruses generally have a character as a "time bomb", where the virus program will do the action at certain times which have been determined by the programmer. "Action" this can vary, ranging from mild such as displaying a message and sounds the speakers, to perform destruction by deleting data, or even reformat your hard disk! Later, when the use of Windows-based programs began to bloom with a wide variety of features, then we go back to know a new virus types, macro viruses ie. Macro is a series of orders - orders in similar programming language - which provides software that allows users to construct a series of specific jobs. Series of commands will be executed at once by the software when the macro is run. Macro facility is useful for enabling users to do the steps sequentially and repeatedly. Unfortunately, this facility eventually misused by ignorant hands to create a macro that contains the transmission of commands and even the destruction! Type famous macro virus is a virus that WordMacro specially made to infect the data files from word processing software Microsoft Word (berekstensi. DOC). The virus of this type have up to thousands of variants with various kinds of interference. Starting from the only display a message at certain times, to make the destruction of files. Viruses classified as a variant WordMacro most
much as the code-the code that is easy to modify. In addition, learn macros in MS Word is not that difficult to learn Assembly language or C (programming language often used to create a virus program).
TROJAN HORSE AND WORM
addition in terms of viruses such as noted above, we also know the program called Trojan Horse (Trojan Horse). Trojan Horse is not a virus in real terms, because the program does not have the ability to reproduce itself into other programs. However, this program is no less dangerous when compared to a computer virus program. Trojan Horse is generally packaged in the form of an interesting program. But the appeal behind the software, other hidden functions to do the destruction. Computer users who get these files are going to come in to run it. As a result of fatal, because then the users have the routines meenjalankan ready to spread destructive disaster in the computer. Another source of disaster similar to the virus (but not dikatagorikan as viruses) are worms. Common worm spreads via e-mail, the form of a small program that diattachkan on an e-mail message. Users who are interested will run the program. Furthermore, predictably, the program will perform the action. Worms will multiply by sending the file automatically via attachment to every address in the address book in an e-mail software victims. Generally not a destructive worm, however, resulted in aggravation in addition to the victim, the worm attacks can be very dangerous for the mailserver. Worm outbreak caused mailserver workload soared up can affect performance. Generally shaped worm executable file (berekstensi. EXE datau. SCR), which is attached (attach) to the email. However, there are several types of worms in the form of scripts written in Visual Basic (VBScript). Worm attack this type of software in particular is an e-mail Microsoft Outlook Express.
ANTI VIRUS
Today, a variety of software already available in the market as an antidote to a virus attack. These programs typically work by scanning (scan) a file and match it to the characteristics of existing viruses in its database. Another part of the anti-virus program is a permanent program (resident) in the computer memory. This section serves to monitor the activity on the read-write storage media for the presence of "anomalies" that may be caused by a virus. Not all viruses can be removed by the anti-virus. Some types of viruses do overwriting (overwrite) the file ditularinya. Virus infected files of this type is impossible to be repaired.
Some types of viruses diracang to defraud the programs that have anti-virus today. The virus of this type include the type of stealth and polymorphic. Virus type stealth (stealth) to trick the system works as if a file is in normal condition so that the virus was not detected by antivirus programs, despite the fact that the file has been infected. Meanwhile, polymorphic-type virus capable to change the character every time infecting a file. With the always changing itself, the virus programmers hope to complicate anti-virus makers to recognize the characteristics of the virus product. Some types of viruses use a combination of both these techniques are then classified as type virus hybrid (mixture). However the war between the virus makers with antinya makers will continue. Clear the virus makers are always one step ahead, while anti-virus makers do not want to be left to continue researching and making antidotes for new viruses. Today at least 200 new viruses appear each month. There are suspicions that circulated among computer users that the actual anti-virus makers are precisely "conspired" with the virus programmers to increase sales of its products, but so far these allegations have not been proven true.
AVOID THE THREAT OF VIRUSES
As a computer user, there are several steps we can do to prevent our systems from virus threats as well as adverse effects that cause:
1. Install Anti Virus on your system as front-line protection, use of anti-virus is mandatory. There are many anti-virus that circulated in the market today. Some of them are reliable enough McAfree VirusScan (www.mcafee.com) and Norton Anti Virus (www.symantec.com).
2. Database update anti-virus program regularly Hundreds of new viruses appear each month. Always try to update the database of anti-virus program you use. Latest database can be viewed on the company website maker anti-virus program you use.
3. Be careful before starting a new file Perform first scan with anti virus before running a file obtained from the download on the Internet or copy from others. If you are accustomed to using e-mail facilities, take care of each receive an attachment in the form of executable files. Be aware that files berekstensi: *. COM, *. EXE, *. VBS, *. SCR, *. VB. Do not be fooled to directly open it before scanning with anti-virus software.
4. Suspect in case of anomaly in your system
Decline in system performance dramatically, especially during the reading operation / writing files on the disk, and the emergence of problems in the software can be operated as an indication that the system has been infected by the virus. Be careful!
5. Backup your data regularly these tips may not directly save your data from virus threats, but it would be very useful if a virus when actually attack and destroy the data on your computer you use. At least in these conditions, you will not lose all the data you have previous backups.
6. Avoid sharing files or folders if you do not need to really, also do not ever share your hard drive C: or that there is the system.
Windows 7 has new features to facilitate the actual use of windows itself 7. Of the many features you may not know how to run, operate, or simply where the location of these features. Lots of windows 7 tips that most users might not know.
1. Keyboard shortcuts
-Alt + P
Show / hide the Explorer preview pane
-Windows Logo + M
Displaying tool gadgets-window in front of the window that is showing.
-Windows Logo + + (plus key)
Zoom in
-Windows Logo + - (minus key)
Zoom out
-Windows Logo + Up
Maximise window
-Windows Logo + Down
Minimise window
-Windows Logo + Home
Minimise / maximize all windows except the currently open window
2.Save battery power
How click Start type "Power Options" without the quotes and then click Power Options plihan then click Change Plan Settings for your current plan and plih Change Advanced Settings. Here you can configure and optimize the use of your laptop battery
3.Laptop Battery Information
If you use a laptop, you can use the program to display information about power consumption of your battery. Do I click start type in "cmd" without the quotes, if the icon has appeared cmd and plilih right click Run as administrator then type in "powercfg-energy" without the quotes and press Enter. Windows 7 will scan your computer system with the aim to find ways to save your battery power. Then windows 7 create HTML report files (web based) after that windows will tell where this file is placed usually in place in the folder \ Windows \ System32.
4.First-aid troubleshooting
If the windows there are 7 errors or problems, and you do not know what causes it, maybe you can try, click control panel> Find and fix problems (or 'Troubleshooting'). Here are some guidelines for finding and restoring the existing errors on your windows 7. here also can see your windows settings, and also clean up a system of files that are not needed.
5.Recording Computer Error gradually
Maybe you mempuyai friends or relatives who know about the ins and outs of your computer or good at computer things. Then there mempuyai problems or errors on your computer but you do not know how to describe a computer error that happens to your friends.
Actually there are ways that these errors are analyzed and recorded by pertahap phase windows 7 uses Problem Steps Recorder program. Way, if you start your computer problems or errors when you run windows 7 you can click on the Start type PSR, Enter and then click Record.
After that, Problem Steps Recorder will record every click, the keyboard that you type, and taking screenshots, and the last to make some type of file with MHTML reports that are automatically created which had 1 file in zip (compress). You can send a zip file by e-mail to your friend the good computer.
6. Creating crash dump file
Windows 7 will not create report file software or hardware damage (memory.dmp) if you only have a capacity under 25 GB hard drive. This will be a problem if you want to know the damage your software or hardware through memory.dmp report file. But do not worry at least 25 GB feature can be disabled by clicking Start, type "REGEDIT" without the quotes and browse to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SYSTEM \ CurrentControlSet \ Control \ CrashControl then create a new DWORD file named AlwaysKeepMemoryDump and set to 1.
7. Resource monitor
If you feel the windows 7 works more slowly than usual may be a program error, crash, hang or programs which consume a lot of memory or your CPU. usually you can see the program error / crash in the Task Manager, but in Windows 7 you can also view program information error / crash in the Resource monitor, how to click Start and type RESMON Enter.
In the Resource Monitor (Resmon) can practically upgradenya version of Task Manager. Because you can Resmon process mengalisa of a program under way in windows 7. If the program is a program in the analysis of error Windows 7 will tell how how how mereparasinya. The way the program right click on the suspect to make the program crash / error click Analyze Process.
Some of our application programs installed on windows operating system will usually be stored in "program files" means we install the application programs in one partition with windows operating system. "There is no crack ivory" means here is that even though windows is the operating system most widely used and most popular for the PC user mania does not mean a trouble-free windows. Many cases which cause us to have to reinstall windows like the file is corrupt. So if you reinstall windows means that we also need to install some applications that come intalasi lost during the process because the application programs are on one partition with windows. In order for the application programs are not lost during the installation of windows we can turn the place into intalasi process of keeping the other partition. The following way:
Open the Registry Editor
Start Run (type regedit) OK / enter, after looking up the registry editor HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SOFTWARE \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Setup.
Create a String (REG_Z) New.
* Klic right on the right window of the Registry Editor window select "New String Value"
* Give the name "SourcePath"
Double click the new string, then the value type of data storage as you wish such as "D \: Installation"
Restart / Reboot your PC
SPEED bootin
g The speed of booting a PC is usually determined by several factors, including the specification of a PC (processor, RAM, etc.), compatible least some hardware support and how many programs installed. If we are convinced with the performance of our PCs, but still a long boot time too and we want to increase the speed bootingnya, follow the trick below
Open the Registry Editor
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SYSTEM \ ControlSet001 \ Control \ Session Manager \ Memory Management \ EnablePrefetcher.
Double click "EnablePrefetcher" which is on the right of the windows registry editor, change the value to[5]
A new virus is found, and classified by Microsoft as the most destructive! The virus was only discovered on Sunday afternoon
then by McAfee, and have not found a vaccine to beat.
This destructive virus Sector Zero from the hard disc, which stores the function of important information. The virus is running as follows:
· This virus automatically be sent to all the names in your address list with the title "A Card for You" (Une Carte Pour Vous
or A Card For You)
· Once the virtual card is opened, the virus that would freeze the computer so that the user must begin again; if you press
CTRL + ALT + DEL or a command to restart, the virus that will damage the Boot Sector Zero from the hard disk, so the hard disk will be permanently damaged.
According to CNN, the virus was in a few hours had caused panic in New York. This warning has been accepted by Microsoft's own employees.
Do not open e-mail with the title "A virtual card for you" (Une Carte Virtuelle Pour Vous or A Virtual Card For You).
Tips and How to Format a Hard Disk and Re-Re-Installing Windows or Linux OS on Computer PC / Laptop - Technical Guidelines
Problems that are fatal and severe could happen anytime and anywhere regardless brands and price computers pc / laptop you. Sometimes the computer does not get into windows due to many things such as a virus, boot files missing, bad sectors, slow computer, the computer hangs often, the wrong settings and various other problems.
A. Step and Repeat Step Hard Disk Format
1. Back up your important files on your hard drive because the format will erase all existing files on your hard drive. If you have a cd-rw drive or dvd-rw drive can burn your files into a cd or dvd. Another way is to flash backup disks, floppy disks, zip disks, move the files to a network lan network or the Internet on a computer or other servers and others.
2. After the next backup is to create a windows boot disk / rescue disk in the floppy diskette 1.4 MB. It aims to floppy boot disks directly to your hard drive is not over. Term you will use microsoft os dos existing on the disk that you created.
3. Change Bios Settings
When you turned on your computer should look straight into the bios to set boot order options. How new computer turned on when you press and hold the delete button until the bios appear on your computer screen. Change the boot sequence with the first sequence a floppy disk.
4. Format Hard Disk
After bios changed and you insert disks disave then restart your computer. Later your computer will automatically boot from the floppy disk and select the boot without cd-rom that can boot more quickly. Once entered into a command prompt: type in format c: and press enter. Adapted to the amount of your existing partitions. If you have 3 partitions plus the fruit is the format command d: and format e:. Tips and how to partition the hard disk you can probably find the search box on the left page of this article. If the format has been named selsesai drive your taste. If all goes well settled and then re-formatting process is complete. Now your hard drive to be like new again.
B. Step and Repeat Step Install Windows and Linux OS
1. Install Windows 98 / 2000 / ME / XP / Vista / Linux
The first step in re mengistall computer operating system on your pc or laptop is to reboot your disk and select cd-rom support devices. After the exit command prompt and then you enter your os installation cd match your tastes. Then search for cd-rom drive or dvd-rom you by typing d: or e: and so forth based on location or dvd drive cd rom you. Once you see and then locate the file setup.exe with the command cdnama folfer to enter into folders. Command cd .. to back one folder level. or dir command dir / w or dir / p to see the list of available files in that folder. If you've met then run setup.exe or install.exe by typing the name of the file and press the enter key once. The next step you just follow the instructions on the installation cd or dvd os.
2. Setting the Boot setting in the Bios
After re-install windows or linux is finished, then remove the floppy disk you flopyy 1.4 and went back to the bios menu after restarting again. Select the IDE-0 as the first boot. You are setting a floppy can be booted both and cd-rom to boot the third. You are free to decide according to your desire. After the restart replay.
3. Install Drivers and Software
If you've made it into the display windows or linux first, then you nginstall drivers for sound cards, printers, scanners, data cable, and so on according to the existing hardware. You must seek and have their own drivers. Each type of computer has a different driver. Usually you will be given driver cd when you buy a computer or other hardware. Without the drivers the equipment connected to a laptop or pc computer can not run properly.
Have you just read somewhere that you can improve your Windows performance a bit (or a lot) by simply changing a little variable stored in the Windows registry? Reading this article instead of reaching for Regedit.exe can save you the hassle of restoring a broken system!
Making the wrong change to a registry entry or a system file can easily break the system instead of fixing Windows or optimizing its performance. And it's neither fast nor easy to fix a broken system! So what should you do to optimize Windows performance without taking the risk of breaking it apart?
ZeoOptimizer by ZeoBIT Software Corporation makes it safe and easy to clean and optimize Windows, fix registry errors, and clean up redundant stuff without taking any risk at all. Many benefits become possible with ZeoOptimizer, such as changing how Windows looks, works, and loads.
Make Windows look better with ZeoOptimizer! Deep customizations of the Windows user interface are only possible by changing certain registry values, modifying system files, or running scripts from the command line. Not anymore! ZeoOptimizer makes all these changes possible from within a convenient graphical user interface. Anyone can customize Windows quickly, easily and safely by using ZeoOptimizer! With ZeoOptimizer, there is no need to tweak registry values or mess with system files. The smart Windows optimizer knows everything about your system, and can make any necessary changes without taking the risk of ruining your system.
Windows is a great operating system, but every PC has its own bottlenecks that may be limiting its performance. ZeoOptimizer is a dedicated bottleneck removal tool that scans your system, detects factors reducing its performance, makes necessary corrections and fine-tunes system performance to ensure you are getting the most out of your PC. Examples? Here's one. Everyone's Internet connection is different, and so are the Internet settings required for pages to load quickly. Allowing images, styles, and multimedia stuff loading all at the same time would be a disaster if you used a phone line and a slow modem to connect. Vice versa, forcing your browser to load small images consecutively does little good if you're on broadband, slowing down page loading speeds. ZeoOptimizer can help you fine-tune your Internet connection and browser settings no matter whether you use Internet Explorer, FireFox, or Safari. Maximum browsing speed is just a few clicks away!
Unlike many Windows optimizers on the market that can make Windows run faster at the expense of becoming less reliable, ZeoOptimizer can make your system run quicker and smoother at the same time. Knowing exactly what, where, and how to modify to get the most out of every system without negatively affecting its reliability is what makes ZeoOptimizer different. The innovative system optimizer fine-tunes Windows memory usage, makes registry fixes, and fine-tunes a variety of system settings to make Windows run and load faster while performing smoothly and reliably.
Concerned with multiple temporary files stored here and there? Not every program you run takes good care of its temporary files. ZeoOptimizer is well aware of the places where temporary files are allowed, and can clean them up to free disk space and increase system performance a little bit. Run Windows registry scan and allow ZeoOptimizer to take care of redundant and abandoned registry entries, and you'll make your system not only faster, but more reliable!
Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com
It is the search engines that finally bring your website to the notice of the prospective customers. Hence it is better to know how these search engines actually work and how they present information to the customer initiating a search.
There are basically two types of search engines. The first is by robots called crawlers or spiders.
Search Engines use spiders to index websites. When you submit your website pages to a search engine by completing their required submission page, the search engine spider will index your entire site. A ‘spider’ is an automated program that is run by the search engine system. Spider visits a web site, read the content on the actual site, the site's Meta tags and also follow the links that the site connects. The spider then returns all that information back to a central depository, where the data is indexed. It will visit each link you have on your website and index those sites as well. Some spiders will only index a certain number of pages on your site, so don’t create a site with 500 pages!
The spider will periodically return to the sites to check for any information that has changed. The frequency with which this happens is determined by the moderators of the search engine.
A spider is almost like a book where it contains the table of contents, the actual content and the links and references for all the websites it finds during its search, and it may index up to a million pages a day.
Example: Excite, Lycos, AltaVista and Google.
When you ask a search engine to locate information, it is actually searching through the index which it has created and not actually searching the Web. Different search engines produce different rankings because not every search engine uses the same algorithm to search through the indices.
One of the things that a search engine algorithm scans for is the frequency and location of keywords on a web page, but it can also detect artificial keyword stuffing or spamdexing. Then the algorithms analyze the way that pages link to other pages in the Web. By checking how pages link to each other, an engine can both determine what a page is about, if the keywords of the linked pages are similar to the keywords on the original page.
Keyword density is an indicator of the number of times the selected keyword appears in the web page. But mind you, keywords shouldn’t be over used, but should be just sufficient enough to appear at important places.
If you repeat your keywords with every other word on every line, then your site will probably be rejected as an artificial site or spam site.
Keyword density is always expressed as a percentage of the total word content on a given web page.
Suppose you have 100 words on your webpage (not including HMTL code used for writing the web page), and you use a certain keyword for five times in the content. The keyword density on that page is got by simply dividing the total number of keywords, by the total number of words that appear on your web page. So here it is 5 divided by 100 = .05. Because keyword density is a percentage of the total word count on the page, multiply the above by 100, that is 0.05 x 100 = 5%
The accepted standard for a keyword density is between 3% and 5%, to get recognized by the search engines and you should never exceed it.
Remember, that this rule applies to every page on your site. It also applies to not just to one keyword but also a set of keywords that relates to a different product or service. The keyword density should always be between 3% and 5%.
Simple steps to check the density:
Copy and paste the content from an individual web page into a word-processing software program like Word or Word Perfect.
Go to the ‘Edit’ menu and click ‘Select All’. Now go to the ‘Tools’ menu and select ‘Word Count’. Write down the total number of words in the page.
Now select the ‘Find’ function on the ‘Edit’ menu. Go to the ‘Replace’ tab and type in the keyword you want to find. ‘Replace’ that word with the same word, so you don’t change the text.
When you complete the replace function, the system will provide a count of the words you replaced. That gives the number of times you have used the keyword in that page.
Using the total word count for the page and the total number of keywords you can now calculate the keyword density.
Today, more and more people are using their computers for everything from communication to online banking and investing to shopping. As we do these things on a more regular basis, we open ourselves up to potential hackers, attackers and crackers. While some may be looking to phish your personal information and identity for resale, others simply just want to use your computer as a platform from which to attack other unknowing targets. Below are a few easy, cost-effective steps you can take to make your computer more secure.
Always make backups of important information and store in a safe place separate from your computer.
Update and patch your operating system, web browser and software frequently.If you have a Windows operating system, start by going to www.windowsupdate.microsoft.com and running the update wizard.This program will help you find the latest patches for your Windows computer.Also go to www.officeupdate.microsoft.com to locate possible patches for your Office programs.
Install a firewall.Without a good firewall, viruses, worms, Trojans, malware and adware can all easily access your computer from the Internet.Consideration should be given to the benefits and differences between hardware and software based firewall programs.
Review your browser and email settings for optimum security.Why should you do this?Active-X and JavaScript are often used by hackers to plant malicious programs into your computers.While cookies are relatively harmless in terms of security concerns, they do still track your movements on the Internet to build a profile of you.At a minimum set your security setting for the “internet zone” to High, and your “trusted sites zone” to Medium Low.
Install antivirus software and set for automatic updates so that you receive the most current versions.
Do not open unknown email attachments.It is simply not enough that you may recognize the address from which it originates because many viruses can spread from a familiar address.
Do not run programs from unknown origins.Also, do not send these types of programs to friends and coworkers because they contain funny or amusing stories or jokes.They may contain a Trojans horse waiting to infect a computer.
Disable hidden filename extensions.By default, the Windows operating system is set to “hide file extensions for known file types”.Disable this option so that file extensions display in Windows.Some file extensions will, by default, continue to remain hidden, but you are more likely to see any unusual file extensions that do not belong.
Turn off your computer and disconnect from the network when not using the computer.A hacker can not attack your computer when you are disconnected from the network or the computer is off.
Consider making a boot disk on a floppy disk in case your computer is damaged or compromised by a malicious program.Obviously, you need to take this step before you experience a hostile breach of your system.
Protecting your computer from a virus is getting harder and harder each day.While it may border on the paranoid, it goes without saying that you can’t leave your guard down for one second.Even corporate giant Microsoft has found its own systems compromised on more than one occasion.
Remember the “good old days”, before the advent of the Internet and downloadable programs?Life was simple then in terms of computer viruses.With the primary way in which a virus could be transmitted being limited to floppy disks, the ability to catch and eradicate the virus was a lot easier.By today’s standards, it used to take quite a while before a virus was able to infect a computer and slow down the system.The antivirus software of that time was typically able to identify and eradicate viruses before they caused too much damage.Additionally, computer users were pretty savvy on how to protect themselves in terms of scanning all floppy disks before copying them to our desktop.
The Internet helped change all that.The Internet provided a conduit by which viruses could move from host to host with lightening speed.No longer could a computer user just worry about floppy disks as points of entry, but they now had to worry about email, email attachments, peer-to-peer file sharing, instant messaging, and software downloads.Today’s viruses can attack through multiple entry points, spread without human intervention, and take full advantage of vulnerabilities within a system or program.With technology advancing everyday, and the convergence of computers with other mobile devices, the potential of new types of threats also increase.
Protecting Your Computer
Luckily, the advancement of antivirus software has kept pace with current virus threats.Antivirus software is essential to a computer’s ability to fend off viruses and other malicious programs.These products are designed to protect against the ability of a virus to enter a computer through email, web browsers, file servers and desktops.Additionally, these programs offer a centralized control feature that handle deployment, configuration and updating.
A computer user should remain diligent and follow a few simple steps to protect against the threat of a virus:
1.Evaluate your current computer security system.
With the threat of a new generation of viruses able to attack in a multitude of ways, the approach of having just one antivirus software version has become outdated.You need to be confident that you have protected all aspects of your computer system from the desktop to the network, and from the gateway to the server.Consider a more comprehensive security system which includes several features including antivirus, firewall, content filtering, and intrusion detection.This type of system will make it more difficult for the virus to penetrate your system.
2.Only install antivirus software created by a well-known, reputable company. Because new viruses erupt daily, it is important that you regularly update your antivirus software.Become familiar with the software’s real-time scan feature and configure it to start automatically each time you boot your computer.This will protect your system by automatically checking your computer each time it is powered up.
3.Make it a habit to always scan all new programs or files no matter from where they originate.
4.Exercise caution when opening binary, Word, or Excel documents of unknown sources especially if they were received during an online chat or as an attachment to an email.
5.Perform regular backups in case your system is corrupted.It may be the only way to recover your data if infected.
Recommended Antivirus Software
There are numerous applications available to consumers.With a little research, you can pick the program that is right for you.Many programs provide a trial version which allows you to download the program and test its abilities.However, be aware that some anti-virus programs can be difficult to uninstall. As a precaution make sure to set up a System Restore point before installing.
Here are a few programs which typically receive high marks in terms of cost, effectiveness, ease of use, and customer service.
The Shield Pro 2005™ provides virus protection and hacker security through ongoing support and updates. When a virus breaks out, The Shield Pro 2005™ promises to provide a patch within 2-3 hours and a fix for the virus within 5 hours. You can set your computer to update viruses weekly and run a complete virus scan.
BitDefender 9 Standard provides antivirus protection, as well as Peer-2-Peer Applications protection, full email protection, and heuristics in a virtual environment.This provides a new security layer that keeps the operating system safe from unknown viruses by detecting malicious pieces of code for which signatures have not been released yet.
Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal 5.0program is simple to install and use. The user only needs to choose from three levels of protection.It allows updates as frequently as every hour while promising not to disrupt your computer.The program also offers a two-tier email protection feature and round-the-clock technical support.
PC-cillin Internet Securitycombines antivirus security and a personal firewall—for comprehensive protection against viruses, worms, Trojans, and hackers. It also detects and removes spyware and blocks spam. It even guards against identity theft by blocking phishing and pharming attacks.
AVG Anti-Virus Free Editionis a free downloadable antivirus program that has received high marks for its reliability.In the past, free downloadable antivirus programs have been viewed skeptically because of issues relating to its reliability.However, AVG from Grisoft, remains one of the best-known free anti-virus programs available.While AVG can not be installed on a server operating system and there is no technical support, it still makes a good choice for many home computer users.The best part is that since it is free, you can try it with no further obligation necessary.
Every day new computer viruses are created to annoy us and to wreck havoc on our computer systems. Below are ten viruses currently cited as being the most prevalent in terms of being seen the most or in their ability to potentially cause damage.New viruses are created daily.This is by no means an all inclusive list. The best thing you can do is to remain vigilant, keep your anti-virus software updated, and stay aware of the current computer virus threats.
Virus:Trojan.Lodear
A Trojan horse that attempts to download remote files. It will inject a .dll file into the EXPLORER.EXE process causing system instability.
Virus:W32.Beagle.CO@mm
A mass-mailing worm that lowers security settings.It can delete security-related registry sub keys and may block access to security-related websites.
Virus:Backdoor.Zagaban
A Trojan horse that allows the compromised computer to be used as a covert proxy and which may degrade network performance.
Virus:W32/Netsky-P
A mass-mailing worm which spreads by emailing itself to addresses produced from files on the local drives.
Virus:W32/Mytob-GH
A mass-mailing worm and IRC backdoor Trojan for the Windows platform.Messages sent by this worm will have the subject chosen randomly from a list including titles such as:Notice of account limitation, Email Account Suspension, Security measures, Members Support, Important Notification.
Virus:W32/Mytob-EX
A mass-mailing worm and IRC backdoor Trojan similar in nature to W32-Mytob-GH. W32/Mytob-EX runs continuously in the background, providing a backdoor server which allows a remote intruder to gain access and control over the computer via IRC channels. This virus spreads by sending itself to email attachments harvested from your email addresses.
Virus:W32/Mytob-AS, Mytob-BE, Mytob-C, and Mytob-ER
This family of worm variationspossesses similar characteristics in terms of what they can do.They are mass-mailing worms with backdoor functionality that can be controlled through the Internet Relay Chat (IRC) network.Additionally, they can spread through email and through various operating system vulnerabilities such as the LSASS (MS04-011).
Virus:Zafi-D
A mass mailing worm and a peer-to-peer worm which copies itself to the Windows system folder with the filename Norton Update.exe.It can then create a number of files in the Windows system folder with filenames consisting of 8 random characters and a DLL extension.W32/Zafi-D copies itself to folders with names containing share, upload, or music as ICQ 2005a new!.exe or winamp 5.7 new!.exe. W32/Zafi-D will also display a fake error message box with the caption "CRC: 04F6Bh" and the text "Error in packed file!".
Virus:W32/Netsky-D
A mass-mailing worm with IRC backdoor functionality which can also infect computers vulnerable to the LSASS (MS04-011) exploit.
Virus:W32/Zafi-B
A peer-to-peer (P2P) and email worm that will copy itself to the Windows system folder as a randomly named EXE file. This worm will test for the presence of an internet connection by attempting to connect to www.google.com or www.microsoft.com.A bilingual, worm with an attached Hungarian political text message box which translates to “We demand that the government accommodates the homeless, tightens up the penal code and VOTES FOR THE DEATH PENALTY to cut down the increasing crime. Jun. 2004, Pécs (SNAF Team)”
How prevalent is Spam?According to Scott McAdams, OMA Public Affairs and Communications Department (www.oma.org):
“Studies show unsolicited or “junk” e-mail, known as spam, accounts for roughly half of all e-mail messages received. Although once regarded as little more than a nuisance, the prevalence of spam has increased to the point where many users have begun to express a general lack of confidence in the effectiveness of e-mail transmissions, and increased concern over the spread of computer viruses via unsolicited messages.”
In 2003, President Bush signed the“Can Spam” bill, in December of 2003 which is the first national standards around bulk unsolicited commercial e-mail.The bill, approved by the Senate by a vote of 97 to 0, prohibits senders of unsolicited commercial e-mail from using false return addresses to disguise their identity (spoofing) and the use of dictionaries to generate such mailers. In addition, it prohibits the use of misleading subject lines and requires that emails include and opt-out mechanism. The legislation also prohibits senders from harvesting addresses off Web sites. Violations constitute a misdemeanor crime subject to up to one year in jail.
One major point that needs to be discussed about this:spam is now coming from other countries in ever-greater numbers. These emails are harder to fight, because they come from outside our country’s laws and regulations.Because the Internet opens borders and thinks globally, these laws are fine and good, but do not stop the problem.
So what do you do about this?Her are the top 5 Rules to do to protect from spam.
Number 1:Do what you can to avoid having your email address out on the net.
There are products called “spam spiders” that search the Internet for email addresses to send email to.If you are interested, do a search on “spam spider” and you will be amazed at what you get back.Interestingly, there is a site, WebPoison.org, which is an open source project geared to fight Internet "spambots" and "spam spiders", by giving them bogus HTML web pages, which contain bogus email addresses
A couple suggestions for you:a) use form emails, which can hide addresses or also b) use addresses like sales@company.com instead of your full address to help battle the problem. c) There are also programs that encode your email, like jsGuard, which encodes your email address on web pages so that while spam spiders find it difficult or impossible to read your email address.
Number 2: Get spam blocking software.There are many programs out there for this.(go to www.cloudmark.com or www.mailwasher.net for example).You may also buy a professional version.Whatever you do, get the software. It will save you time.The software is not foolproof, but they really do help.You usually have to do some manual set up to block certain types of email.
Number 3: Use the multiple email address approach.
There are a lot of free email addresses to be had.If you must subscribe to newsletters, then have a “back-up” email address. It would be like giving your sell phone number to your best friends and the business number to everyone else.
Number 4:Attachments from people you don’t know are BAD, BAD, BAD.
A common problem with spam is that they have attachments and attachments can have viruses.Corporations often have filters that don’t let such things pass to you.Personal email is far more “open country” for spamers.General rule of thumb:if you do not know who is sending you something, DO NOT OPEN THE ATTACHMENT.Secondly, look for services that offer filtering. Firewall vendors offer this type of service as well.
Number 5:Email services now have “bulk-mail” baskets.If what you use currently does not support this, think about moving to a new vender.The concept is simple.If you know someone, they can send you emails.If you don’t know them, put them in the bulk email pile and then “choose” to allow them into your circle.Spam Blocking software has this concept as well, but having extra layers seems critical these days, so it is worth looking into.
Malware.An odd sounding word created to lump all malicious software programs, including viruses, worms, trojans, spyware, adware, and other malevolent codes into one cause-your-computer-serious-hurt category.
In 2005, Computer Economics released a report on malware.The good news was that for the first time since 2002, the total worldwide financial losses from malware actually declined to a mere $14.2 billion.The bad news was that the nature of malware was changing from overt threats to more focused, covert attacks. This definitely is not great news for the average computer user just trying to keep up with the hundreds of malware programs that bombard us daily.
It’s not an easy task keeping malware out of your computer system.In order to accomplish this, you need a strong antivirus program.One such program that can deliver the goods is ZoneAlarm Internet Security Suite 6 from Zone Labs.Zone Labs is one of the most trusted brands in Internet Security for good reason.Their product, simply put, kicks serious malware gluteus maximus.
ZoneAlarm has received more review recommendations that any other Internet-security software suite because of its superb firewall and antivirus protection.It blocks pop-up ads, protects against identify theft and provides adequate spam filters that are flexible.It even beats the market leader, Norton Internet Security, which is often criticized for excessive system drag.
Its newest version includes these additional features:
·Triple Defense Firewall to prevent spyware from sending your information across the Internet.It also makes your computer invisible to anyone on the Net.
·Smart Defense Advisor which can automatically adjust your security settings for maximum protection against the latest virus and spyware outbreaks.
·Advanced Identify and Privacy Protection to prevent your personal data from leaving your computer without your approval.
The bonus for the average user who cringes at the idea of setting-up one of these systems is that the interface is easier to understand and use in comparison to most if its competitors.If you choose to venture beyond the out-of-the-box default settings, and install a more elaborate filtering, know that this will require some additional time to set up on your part.
Overall, ZoneAlarm Internet Security Suite is a user-friendly, comprehensive security solution that will have your computer safe from Internet hazards and cyber criminals within minutes of installation.
"A botnet is comparable to compulsory military service for windows boxes" - Stromberg(http://project.honeynet.org/papers/bots/)
Botnets are networks of computers that hackers have infected and grouped together under their control to propagate viruses, send illegal spam, and carry out attacks that cause web sites to crash.
What makes botnets exceedingly bad is the difficulty in tracing them back to their creators as well as the ever-increasing use of them in extortion schemes.How are they used in extortion schemes?Imagine someone sending you messages to either pay up or see your web site crash. This scenario is starting to replay itself over and over again.
Botnets can consist of thousands of compromised machines. With such a large network, botnets can use Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) as a method to cause mayhem and chaos. For example a small botnet with only 500 bots can bring corporate web sites to there knees by using the combined bandwidth of all the computers to overwhelm corporate systems and thereby cause the web site to appear offline.
Jeremy Kirk, IDG News Service on January 19, 2006, quotes Kevin Hogan, senior manager for Symantec Security Response, in his article "Botnets shrinking in size, harder to trace", Hogan says"extortion schemes have emerged backed by the muscle of botnets, and hackers are also renting the use of armadas of computers for illegal purposes through advertisements on the Web."
One well-known technique to combat botnets is a honeypot. Honeypots help discover how attackers infiltrate systems. A Honeypot is essentially a set of resources that one intends to be compromised in order to study how the hackers break the system. Unpatched Windows 2000 or XP machines make great honeypots given the ease with which one can take over such systems.
A great site to read up on this topic more is The Honeynet Project (http://project.honeynet.org) which describes its own site's objective as "To learn the tools, tactics and motives involved in computer and network attacks, and share the lessons learned."
